The people who lived along the indus river developed one of the worlds first great urban civilizations. It is considered one of the earliest urbanized civilization of the world. The social and economic life of the people of indus valley civilization harappan civilization was systematic and organised. D, asm, tte, food sub inspector, wb police, gram panchayat, postal assistant, agriculture, court, psc, lic, cmat and all other state level. Metallurgical techniques of indus valley civilization. Jun 20, 2019 indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the course of indus river in northwestern part of indian subcontinent it is also referred to as harappan civilization owing to the fact that this civilization was first discovered in 1921 at the modern site of harappa situated in the punjab province punjab of current day. The trail history and civics for class 6 icse solutions. But early indus valley civilization had existed even before bc. Majority of the sites developed on the banks of river indus, ghaggar and its tributaries. Oct 30, 20 the indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the indus river and its vicinity. The history of india begins with the birth of the indus valley civilization ivc, also known as harappan civilization it flourished around 2,500 bc, in the western part of south asia, in contemporary pakistan and western india the indus valley was home to the largest of the four ancient urban civilizations of egypt, mesopotamia, india and china. It was the first city of this civilization to be discovered and therefore is considered the type site. The indus civilization apparently evolved from the villages of neighbours or predecessors, using the mesopotamian model of irrigated agriculture with sufficient skill to reap the advantages of the spacious and fertile indus river valley while controlling the formidable annual flood that simultaneously fertilizes and destroys. Found this image from the internet which depicts indus valley civilization titled cart of the indians wheel as not solid but a spoke wheel which is quite interesting.
Among other names of this civilization is harappa civilization. Although the mature period may see an increase in settlement around the river valley this may follow rather than precede the devel opment of social complexity. Indus valley civilization pdf important points short note. The main objective of this article not to innovate new theories of the indus valley civilization, but to reexamine the all available data and write in a concise form. Isbn 9789231027192 the indus civilization diji cultural type that is widely spread as evidenced by the excavations at sarai kala, 12gumla, rahman dheri, 14 on the indus plain, near dera ismail khan, and several other placesinthepunjab. The time period of mature indus valley civilization is estimated between bc. Causes of decline of the indus valley civilization introduction. The signs of a gradual decline of the indus river valley civilization are believed to have started around 1800 bc and by 1700 bc, most of the cities were abandoned. Planned cities on the indus springfield public schools. Pdf architecture of indus valley civilisation sweety. Indus valley civilization objective questions and answer.
Archae ologists call this civilization the harappan culture or indus valley civilization. It has tried to cover all aspects related to culture, trade, religion, the structure of the society, arts, designs, architecture etc. Evidence comes largely from archaeological digs, although many sites remain unexplored, and floods probably washed away others long ago. In this article we will discuss about the food, social dress, ornaments, house hold articles, amusements, trade, social class and structure, religion and funerary customs of the people of indus valley civilization. The indus valley civilisation began in 3250 bc and reached its extinction in 1500 bc, making it down in history as one of the worlds longest surviving civilisations.
The indus valley civilisation was one of the first great civilisations having a writing system, urban centres and a diversified social and economic system. This civilisation is credited for building cities complete with. Archae ologists call this civilization the harappan culture or. However, the initial hump suggests that it is a distributed scale invariant network with almost 3 strong nuclei and about 30 smaller nuclei. Having obtained a secure foothold on the plain and mastered its more. Culture of indus valley civilization in india study material. Culture of indus valley civilization in india study. The indus valley civilization was established around 3300 bc. Garg, divya case study city planning and organization of. Ideology and the indus civilization columbia university.
As a term, harappa represents the entire indus valley civilization. Study of growth of the indus civilisation by network analysis initially it is a random network. Rediscovering harappa the ancient indus civilization. Researchers have found swastikas a symbol that generally takes the form of an equilateral cross,hindu gods shiva and rudra, and a mother goddess symbolizing fertility. It is an ancient civilization thriving along the indus river now in pakistan.
Indus valley civilization questions indus valley civilization quiz details aspirants know very well that history, is an important area from which a major share of questions come in ssc, railway, state government recruitment exams, upsc prelims and mains. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 bce. The indus civilization represents the earliest manifestation of urban development in the plains of the indus valley and its extension along the arabian seacoast. Indus valley civilization is the one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world. The history of india begins with the birth of the indus valley civilization ivc, also known as harappan civilization. The indus valley civilisation is named after the indus river system in whose alluvial plains the early sites of the civilisation were identified and excavated. However, one can see the various elements of the ancient indus valley civilization in later cultures. Indus valley civilisation or harappan civilisation is an important period of ancient history. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the course of indus river in northwestern part of indian subcontinent it is also referred to as harappan civilization owing to the fact that this civilization was first discovered in 1921 at the modern site of harappa situated in the punjab province punjab of current day. The indus script is predominantly found on objects such as seals and sealings, and it also makes its appearance on other objects such as copper tablets, ivory sticks, bronze implements, pottery etc. Archaeological evidence shows that many of the major cities of the harappan civilization, like harappa, mohenjodaro, and dholavira faced abandonment. Indus valley civilization ncert notes for the ias exam. Powered by create your own unique website with customizable templates.
They always followed the same construction pattern of their cities devastated in floods. Harappan culture is another popular term now used for the indus valley civilization. Together with ancient egypt and mesopotamia, it was one of three early civilisations of the near east and south asia, and of the three, the most widespread, its sites spanning an area stretching from. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization 33000bc located in northwest indian subcontinent including present day, pakistan, northwest india on the fertile flood plain of indus river and its vicinity. Indus valley or harappan civilization, existed along the. Indus valley civilization pdf important points short.
M338 2008 934dc22 2007025308 1211100908 12345678910. The harappan civilization lasted for about one thousand years. The indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is pakistan and northwest india today, on the fertile flood plain of the indus river and its vicinity. Indus valley civilization chapterwise indian history. Civilization emerges on the indus historians know less about the civilization in the indus valley than about those to the west. It appeared nearly 2500 bc along the indus river valley in punjab and sindh. Researchers believe that the aryans influenced the hindu religion. Objective questions and answers on indus valley civilization mohenjodaro, harappa for ssc, upsc ias, bank recruitment exams.
Rediscovering harappa falls under the genre of museum special. Aspects of indus culture harappan had a conservative outlook and their culture remained almost unchanged for centuries. Indus valley civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the. Indus valley civilization after it was introduced by the aryans. Social and economic life of indus valley civilization. Theindus valley civilization 33 pdf drive search and download pdf files for free. Mar 21, 2020 well to start with, this is one book which has put up indus valley civilizations picture in a concise and detailed way for the readers.
Mcq set indus valley civilization objective gk questions. See all quizzes go to topic question 2 how many symbols were used in indus valley writing. In this post, we are providing complete study material on indus valley civilization which existed in india about 5000 years ago. Metallurgical techniques of indus valley civilization posted on august 30, 2009 by anam saeed excavations uncovered the remains of highly urbanized and modern towns at harappa, kot dijji, mohenjodaro etc integrated as indus valley civilization 28002600 b. The indus valley civilisation ivc was a bronze age civilisation 33000 bce. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 25001700 bce, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium bce. Indus valley civilization was the first major civilization in south asia, which spread across a vast area of land in presentday india and pakistan around 12 lakh sq. Indus valley civilization a primary phase culture little or no continuity with the following cultures forgotten until the 19th century rediscovered by the british, while building railroads. The four principal settlements so far excavated provide the material to reconstruct the cultural content of the civilization. Indus valley civilization or harappan culture study. On the other hand a faroff place like daimabad25 on the godavari has produced late. Understanding ancient civilizations series includes bibliographical references and index. Indus valley civilization or harappan culture complete study material pdf free download for various competitive exams like upsc, appsc, tspsc and other state psc exams in india.
The indus valley the harappan or indus civilization the fertility of the indus valley lured farmers to the rivers banks in about 2500 b. In brief, among all civilizations of the ancient world that. The indus valley civilisation ivc was a bronze age civilisation in the northwestern regions of south asia, lasting from 3300 bce to 0 bce, and in its mature form from 2600 bce to 1900 bce. May 14, 2019 this culture has become known as the indus valley civilization or sometimes the harappan civilization, after harappa, the first city to be discovered. Mcqquiz test mcq on indus civilization indus civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization in the world. The indus valley civilisation is an important part of ancient indian history for the ias exam. Indus valley civilization ancient history encyclopedia.
Pdf the objective of this article is to understand the evolution of the indo valley civilization, in comparison of other old history civilization. Archaeological records justify that the indus civilization showed no evidence of armies, kings, slaves, social conflict, prisons, and other oftnegative traits that we traditionally associate with early civilization. There is a dearth of ancient indus based fiction in english. Lovell, bioarchaeology of the indus valley civilization. Indus valley civilization pdf dear friends, hereby we have provided you key points about indus valley civilzation which are important from examination point of view basic facts about indus valley civilization. This culture has become known as the indus valley civilization or sometimes the harappan civilization, after harappa, the first city to be discovered. Yakoob yawars dilmun is among the very few exceptions indeed, it was the second novel ever to be set in the ancient indus civilization, 50 years after the hindi murdon ka teela by rangeya raghava. Archaeological evidence shows that many of the major cities of the harappan civilization, like harappa, mohenjodaro, and dholavira faced abandonment and decline during the late 3rd and early 2nd millennium b. Indus civilization, also called indus valley civilization or harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the indian subcontinent. Once they become large, they evolved into scale invariant behaviour.
Mar 21, 2020 indus valley civilization is the one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world. Indus valley is the civilisation that existed 5000 years ago, some recent discovery claims it to be as old as 8000 years. They have not yet deciphered the indus system of writing. This superb catalogue is available below as a free pdf. Thus, indus valley civilization was a meticulously planned, wellorganized egalitarian society. Culture is another popular term now used for the indus valley. Farming settlements began around 4000 bce and around 3000 bce there appeared the first signs of urbanization. Indus river valley civilization was discovered by the archaeologists in the 1920s it flourished in the bronze age 33000 bce. Following a tradition in archaeology, the civilisation is sometimes referred to as the harappan, after its type site, harappa, the first site to be excavated in the 1920s. The discovery of indus valley civilization brought the indian subcontinent into limelight as home to one of the most ancient human civilizations and gave scope to many scholars to present an argument that the indian subcontinent, as a land of racial, ethnic and linguistic diversity from time immemorial and as a land that stood in the way of waves of migrating. It has proved to be one of the largest ancient cultures, having a population of over five million people at its height and covering an area of one and a half million square kilometers.
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